How to physically protect from getting sick

I’ll be totally honest with you guys, things are kind of scary right now. There’s so much negative news out there right now telling us to be afraid of things that are almost entirely out of our control, but it causes a mass hysteria to spread and honestly, it’s hard to avoid getting caught up in that. Should you be worried about this virus? Is it any different than the flu? There are a lot of mixed messages out there that even I am struggling with what to believe and what not to believe.

Despite all of that I know a couple of things. The first thing I want to do in all of this is reiterate the important facts that you already know but probably can’t hear enough. Then, once that’s out of the way, I want to talk to you guys about how to avoid the mental strain this is causing (my therapist and I spent half of a session talking about it, so I know I’m not the only one feeling bogged down by this entire thing). Anyway, this week, let’s focus on how you can physically protect yourself and help prevent your odds of getting sick.


Practice good hygiene

I’m definitely not the first person to tell you this, but in times like this, it is important to practice good hygiene. That means washing your hands regularly, especially when coming and going from and area, after touching potentially contaminated areas, and of course handling food or other items going to another person.

You should also be avoiding touching your face, although trust me, I know completely avoiding that is sort of impossible. Avoid it when you can, wash your hands after you do. Regularly washing your hands can help to make the times you do touch your face less terrifying.

Wipe down work surfaces regularly, especially at the beginning and end of the workday. This is especially important if you work in a high traffic area. We wipe down our surfaces at work every hour or so just because there are so many people coming in and out.

Studies show that proper hygiene can greatly decrease your risk for catching a cold or flu, so in these times, make sure to practice good hygiene.


Be Mindful of those at heightened risk

While this virus does not discriminate on gender, race, or age, some people are at greater risk than others. People who are above 65, those who are autoimmune, and those who are pregnant are at a greater risk of suffering from this virus and not coming out of it. That’s why it’s important to be mindful of these people and keep their health and wellness in mind.

That being said, mass buying hand sanitizer and face masks when you don’t need them is not helping you, it’s harming those who actually need them. People who are ill or at severe risk need the facemasks more than you do, so please do not bulk buy these items unless you truly need them. Buy only what you need, maybe a little extra of the essentials and be mindful that other people need them as well.

This is also a great time to reach out to a neighbor or coworker who may be at increased risk. See if they need you to bring them groceries or run errands for them. They might not be able to leave their house, but you can definitely leave their groceries at their doorstep.


Use your head to make decisions

While listening to the mass hysteria that is going on in the news, it might be tempting to quarantine yourself at the first sign of a runny nose, but chances are you are only sick like you normally would be. Common colds and seasonal allergies don’t go on hold just because a new virus is spreading, so don’t jump to conclusions too quickly. That being said, if your office building or school has shut down because of this virus, and you are feeling sick, use the time to catch up on some Netflicks and sleep. You deserve it.

Travel at your own precaution in these times. While it does not necessarily put you at more or less of a risk depending on where you are going, there is a lot of mixed advice on the topic. This is something that only you can choose to do. If you are a young, healthy individual with a good immune system, your probably safe to take a quick plane ride to wherever you need to go. If you have someone immunocompromised at home, you might want to look into canceling plans.


Stay out of public places if you have flu symptoms

This goes for all year round. If you have a runny nose due to allergies or a slight cold that is one thing, but if you have flu symptoms, stay home! You don’t need to stay home for 14 days, but use your head.

The CDC actually recommends that those with flu symptoms call their doctor and do an over the phone appointment, limiting everyone’s exposure to the flu (especially with A and B strains out there this year). When your doctor prescribes your medicine SEND SOMEONE ELSE TO GET IT FOR YOU! This also goes for if you have a kid. LEAVE YOUR SICK KID AT HOME OR IN THE CAR WHEN YOU PICK UP THEIR MEDICINE. Stop spreading viruses by coughing and running your hands everywhere. You are increasing someone else’s chance of being sick.


Don’t be afraid to call the doctor

If you are feeling sick and don’t know what to do, the best thing isn’t to rush off to urgent care. Instead, pick up the phone and call your doctor. Listen to their advice. If they tell you to self-quarantine, take the proper steps to implement that. If they tell you your fine and just need some rest and vitamin C, do that. Your doctor’s advise is the best tool you have right now, and they will be more than glad to help you out. They don’t want to see you get sick as much as you don’t want to get sick!


With that being said, next week I’ll talk some more about the ways to mentally prep for these trying times. In the meantime, I want to know what you guys are doing to distract yourself from the craziness that is going on right now. My therapist suggested that I get outside more and enjoy the fresh air and I think I plan to do just that! What are you guys up to? Let me know in the comments below.

Until next time,

Kat

Does exercise actually increase your immunity?

wp-1579055181282-1359454462.jpgI’m not going to talk too much about why the topic of immunity is so popular right now, mainly because I don’t think it’s a good idea to spread the fear, but it’s important to talk about ways to limit disease risk and boost immunity. I probably don’t need to give you the lecture on why you should wash your hands and cover your mouth when you cough, especially now, but I did want to talk about ways we think we can increase our immunity.

I think a lot of people out there will tell you that they feel like they are their healthiest when they are living very active lifestyles, but is it true that working out can actually increase your immunity? Or is it all just a myth that’s been made up in order to get us to the gym more often? Today, I want to dive into some current research that will shed some light on exercise and immunity.


Short term Exercise and immunity

If you’re feeling sick, does getting a quick work out in actually help to boost your immunity? Studies show that acute vigorous exercise actually results in a temporary decline in immune competency for several hours after the event.  While your body responds to this decline in response, you are more susceptible to viral and bacterial infection. So if you are starting to feel the symptoms of a cold or the flu coming on, you might want to get home and get some rest instead of hit the gym thinking you are going to sweat it out (Campbell & Turner, 2018).


Regular Exercise and immunity

On the other hand, other studies have found that exercise can reduce the incidence of infection.  In fact some of these studies have found that number of training hours a year are inversely correlated with sick days. Ultramarathon runners report fewer days of work missed due to illness compared to the average population.  Studies also showed that athletes undertaking large training loads become less ill than athletes with lighter training loads. This may have to do with the fact elite athletes are more adapted to the demand of their training routine (Campbell & Turner, 2018).

Daily, or near-daily, acute exercise (less than 60 minutes at moderate to vigorous intensity) has been shown to stimulate the exchange of immune cells between the circulation and tissues. Research suggests that each bout of exercise improves the activity of tissues and enhances immunoglobulins, anti-inflammatory cytokines, T-cells, and other important immune responses (Nieman & Wentz, 2019).


Intense Exercise and immunity

Some small scale studies have actually found that upper respiratory infection symptoms are higher in elite athletes with fast face times and greater training volumes. This is potentially due to over-training which tires the body and increases the risk for infection due to psychological stress and nutritional deficiencies. Researchers also believe that events such as marathons increase the risk of acquiring infectious pathogens due to a mass gathering of people (Campbell & Turner, 2018). All in all, High exercise training workloads affect physiological, metabolic, and psychological stress and can cause immune disturbances, inflammation, and oxidative stress, leading to increased risk of disease (Nieman & Wentz, 2019).


So what’s best?

treadDoes this mean that you should stop training hard for that marathon or stop working so hard towards your goals? Absolutely not! Just because you put a lot of hours in at the gym doesn’t mean you are going to get sick. Psychological responses, external factors, and lifestyle strategies all play into how our bodies react to viral and bacterial infections, meaning that what works well for one person, may not work well for another. Everyone responds differently. The best we can do is have a regular exercise routine, a healthy nutrition plan, and good hygiene (plus vaccinations and regular sleep). If you feel good about your training schedule and how intense your exercise is, keep at it. You’ll know your body and you’ll know when you need to take a break! Isn’t understanding our bodies what we athletes pride ourselves on? So much goes into the immune function that it’s nearly impossible to put all your eggs in one exercise-related basket. Don’t sweat it. Just get to the gym and sweat that!


Keep in mind that this is an area of study that is very well researched and because it is so well looked into and studied there are a lot of contradictory studies out there. I only reviewed two recent ones today, but there are a ton more out there always going on. Again, everyone’s systems are different and so many factors play into immunity that this is an area of research that will be going on for a long time!

So in the meantime, I say you do you. Wash your hands and cover your mouth when you cough, and do us all a favor and get your annual flu shot. But I won’t rant on and on about that.

Anyway, do you guys feel you get less sick when you have a regular workout routine? Let me know in the comments below!

Until next time,

Kat

 

Sources and further reading:

Campbell, J. P., & Turner, J. E. (2018). Debunking the Myth of Exercise-Induced Immune Suppression: Redefining the Impact of Exercise on Immunological Health Across the Lifespan. Frontiers in immunology9, 648. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00648

Nieman, D.C., Wentz, L.M. (2019). The compelling link between physical activity and the body’s defense system. Journal of Sport and Health Sciences. 8(3), 201-2017. Doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2018.09.009

Should you work out when sick?

You guys, 2020 will not cut me any breaks! From starting the year off with a chest cold that turned into a head cold that ran its way through my entire family and friend group to the now ear infection that is driving me insane (seriously how often do adults actually get ear infections anyway?) I haven’t been my healthiest self this year. It’s made being more physically active and healthier much harder than I anticipated for the year.

But the constant sickness really does end up posing the question of whether or not you should be working out when you’re sick or not because mixing the New Year with sickness really doesn’t work out well. This is especially true for those of us who had specific fitness goals for the new year (I feel like my next half marathon is drawing ever so near and I’m getting less and less ready to train). So today, I figured we would talk about working out when sick.


What does research suggest?

wp-1579055181282-1359454462.jpgThere is actually plenty of research out there that actually suggests that working out when you are sick will help to shorten the length of your sickness, especially if you are just suffering from a small infection or from a cold. While it might not sound like a fun time to work out when you are sick, exercise may actually help you to open your nasal passage and relieve nasal congestion.

However, the most important thing to do is to listen to how your body feels. If you are tired and achy and you just cannot get over how fatigued you are, you should definitely stay at home and rest. If you feel like you are just a little run down with an annoyingly runny nose, feel free to get out there and get some exercise. You don’t have to break any world records, but some light exercise can actually help you feel much better.


When it’s okay to exercise

treadIt’s suggested that if your symptoms are above the neck such as a runny or congested nose, an earache, or a headache working out is perfectly acceptable. So if you have a mild cold, an ear infection, nasal congestion, a sore throat, or maybe a UTI exercise is 100% okay. In fact, you might be able to “sweat it out” as they say (although there really isn’t any research to support such a claim, sweating often can make people feel much better while they are sick).


When it isn’t okay to exercise

Experts suggested that if your symptoms are below the neck, such as a mucusy cough, chest congestion, or an upset stomach you should avoid exercise. Also, if you have a fever or are extremely fatigued you should also avoid exercise. These situations can be very damaging to your health and could cause complications as opposed to helping you to feel better.

If you have an ear infection that is setting off your balance or center of gravity, it is also suggested that you should avoid working out or any activities that could put you in danger of falling


My personal opinion

You know your body better than anyone and it’s really up to you what you do. For me personally, when I had my chest congestion and was coughing a ton, I was still able to run a very slow (11 minute miles) 8-mile long run without feeling absolutely miserable. What I knew I couldn’t do was push trying to run any 6-minute miles where I knew it would be too much stress on my lungs and I would be gasping for air after. That was just asking for me to somehow collapse a lung. For me, long-distance running is light exercise since I take it so slowly and can keep a steady, calm pace for literally hours (a half marathon takes me hours to run) and while my chest was congested, that worked just fine for me. However, when I have nasal congestion and can’t breathe, I can’t run at all (be it fast or slow) because I can’t properly get air into the rest of my body. In the cases of a head cold, I know that running is out. Instead, I stick to weight training or elliptical work. As far as my ear infection is concerned, I can still work out just fine, I just try to be mindful of the headphone in my infected ear making sure the music isn’t too loud and it isn’t bothering me.

The end all be all: the only expert on what you can do is you. You can judge what your limitations are when you are sick better than anyone else (unless of course, a doctor tells you to lay off, then you should 100% listen).

 


Getting back into the gym after taking time off for being sick

You’re not expected to come back to the gym after being sick better than ever. In fact, the longer you take off to recover, the more time you’ll need to get back into the swing of things. AND THAT’S PERFECTLY OKAY!

pilatesOn your first day back, take it easy. Keep your run speed closer to a jog, use lighter weights than normal, or just focus on body weights instead. You’re still actively recovering from being ill and your body needs proper time to adjust. As the days go on you can begin introducing more into your workouts or increasing your speed or duration of workouts. Just remember to STAY HYDRATED throughout the entire workout (especially if you are working out while sick and while just recovered).

When you’re sick, the most important thing to do is listen to your body and take queues from how you are feeling. You are the expert on you, so only you can determine if it’s a good idea to move your body or rest. Remember, there is nothing wrong with needing rest and it’s a normal part of life.


What is your usual gym routine for while and after you’re sick? How long do you normally take off if you do? Let me know in the comments below.

Until next time,

Kat

Should I get a Flu Vaccine?

If you’re not living under a rock, you’ve probably heard about how bad the flu epidemic has been this year.  The flu is hitting hard and people are getting deathly ill from it!  And although washing your hands a lot and avoiding places a lot of sick may be can help you avoid the flu germs, it’s not a sure fire way to prevent you from getting sick.  In fact, the best way to avoid getting the flu, is to vaccinate yourself against the flu.

I’m not usually one for getting flu shots, in fact, I usually never get flu vaccinations.  But after getting the flue TWICE last year (for those of you who have been around for awhile, you remember!), getting the flu vaccine this year wasn’t something I thought twice about.  The actual flu itself is terrible.  You feel miserable and have no energy.  For me I could never get warm no matter what I tried and I even blacked out in the shower.  I was definitely not risking having that again.  So this year, I put up with the small pinch in my arm and the ache in my muscle for a few hours so I was protected against the flu.

So what exactly is a vaccine and why should you get one?  Today I want to talk about vaccinations, specifically the flu vaccines, and discuss a little about the benefits of getting vaccinated.  I’m going to avoid presenting anything but facts in this post in order to avoid the ever going debate of “vaccines are bad for children”, although I have very strong opinions on that matter. (This isn’t an opinion post, this is a fact post.  If you want my opinions on the topic, let me know and I’ll do an entire different post on that).


What are vaccinations?

Vaccines are used to train the body to build up immunity to a certain disease or infection.

When foreign invaders, such as bacteria or viruses, enter our bodies, lymphocytes, aka immune cells, are called upon as a response.  Lymphocytes release antibodies against the bacteria or virus that fight the antigen and help us get better.

This is great and it helps us fight against many disease and infections that we could otherwise be susceptible to, but when we our body encounters a bacteria or virus that it’s never seen before, it can take longer for those antibodies to build up resistance.

cdc

Image from the CDC explaining how vaccines work to build resistance

Sometimes in the few days that it can take for the antibodies to build up resistance, we could be fully fledged sick and it might be too late for antibodies to do much.

That’s what vaccines are for!  Vaccines are made of killed or weakened antigen agents that cause the initial infection.  The does isn’t strong enough to cause someone to get sick (so for those of you who say you always get the flu from getting the flu shot, you’re not getting it from the shot itself, you’re getting it from the time period between getting the shot and the body building up immunity).

Vaccines work by the body recognizing the antigen and building up the antibodies needed to fight against them.  When the antigens are gone, the antibodies are replaced by memory cells that remain in the body and can produce antibodies if the threat is seen again.  That way, if your system is ever introduced to the infection again, your body already has to antibodies to fight against it, helping to prevent you from getting sick!


Why is the flu vaccine different every year?

You’ve probably noticed that unlike whooping cough, chicken pox, or the measles which don’t need done every year, the flu vaccine changes every single year.   That’s because the flu mutates every single year and is never the same.

Research is conducted every season to determine which strain of the flu will be most common during the season.  The flu vaccine is created with this in mind.   The injectable influenza vaccine, which includes inactivated influenza and recombinant influenza vaccines, are what the CDC is recommending for the 2018 flu season.  (This is opposed to the LAIV nasal spray influenza vaccine).

I will link an article from the CDC that will talk about different types of flu vaccines and some more information about the flu vaccine.

Even if the flu virus is the same from year to year, the flu vaccine is still needed every season.  If for some reason the flu next year is the exact same as the flu this year (which is highly unlikely), the body’s immune response to the antigens has declined over the year and the body’s ability to fight off the infection has decreased.  A new vaccine will help to create new memory cells.


Why should I get a flu vaccine?

This really should go without saying, because as someone who had the flu last year (TWO FORMS OF IT!) it’s something that you really want to avoid if you can.  You end up missing work for days, you can’t get out of bed, and you are overcome with the sensation of feeling like crap, and who wants that.

influenzeThe flu vaccine can help you avoid getting the flu altogether which will help you avoid hospitalization costs, drug store costs, and movie rental prices (that last one is kind of a joke).  Getting vaccinated also helps you help other people who can’t get the vaccine.  When you’re protected, you are helping cut of the spread of the flu virus.  Therefore, if you are around younger or older people who cannot get vaccinated (whether for age or medical reasons), having the vaccine yourself greatly lowers their risk of getting the flu.

And of course, getting the flu vaccine can help if you do get sick from another strain.  A study from 2017 showed that vaccinated individuals who did get sick from a different strain of the flu were sick shorter, had reduced deaths and reduce hospital care.

Not to mention that getting vaccinated for the flu is free under most insurance plans, so you aren’t even losing any money by getting protected.  And if you aren’t insured, the cost of a vaccine is relatively inexpensive when you think about what you are gaining from getting vaccinated.  (A $30 co-pay is a lot better than $10,000 in hospitalization bills!)


Who should get vaccinated?

The CDC recommends that everyone over the age of 6 months should get a flu vaccine, unless there is a medical reason against it.  Young and older people are more at risk for the flu and should be vaccinated.


Where and when do I get vaccinated?

There are a lot of different places to go and get vaccinated.  You can talk to your doctor and see if they are carrying the flu vaccination or if they have suggestions as to where you should get vaccinated.  All pharmacies carry the flu vaccine in regular dosage for those under 65 and the high dose flu vaccination for those over 65.  All you need to do is go to your pharmacy let them know you want a flu vaccine and they’ll take care of it for you the same day.

You should ideally receive your vaccination before flu season begins, usually in October, but flu season lasts all fall and winter and sometimes even into May.  As it takes 2 weeks for the flu vaccine to take full effect in your body, receiving the flu vaccine ahead of flu season is the best way to make sure you’re protected.

But that doesn’t mean that you can’t still get vaccinated.  The flu season is still in full swing and it’s not too late to get your vaccination.  Pharmacies are still carrying the flu vaccine and you can still go and get yours! Just keep in mind that it takes 2 weeks to build up immunity, so don’t count on not getting sick the second you get the vaccine.  You still should be taking caution and taking care of yourself!


Have you gotten your flu shot yet this season? Do you get it every year or just when the news tells you when it’s really bad?  Let me know in the comments below!

Until next time,

Kat

 

Sources and further reading:

CDC.  Key Facts About Seasonal Flu Vaccine.   Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.  https://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/keyfacts.htm

Pappas, Stephanie.  2010. How Do Vaccines Work?  LIveScience.  https://www.livescience.com/32617-how-do-vaccines-work.html

 

Cold and Flu Care Package

It’s that time of year again.  Cold and Flu season is upon us.  This means runny noses, days off work, and the general feeling of feeling crummy.   Being sick is never fun.

A really good friend of mine just recently got over a little cold.  Thankfully it was nothing serious and she got over it pretty quickly, but she definitely was not feeling great for those first couple of days. And being the stellar friend I’d like to think I am, I decided to pack her up a little care package and send it her way.   She really appreciated it! So this week I wanted to share with you guys what I put in that care package and what other ideas I had for the package in case you had a friend who needs one this season as well!

What was in my care package

I wanted to focus on things that I always like having when I’m sick, plus some extra things that always make being sick a little more comforable. 

The first thing I went for was the tissues in a little travel sizes package.  I don’t know about anyone else but I go through a ton of tissues when I am sick! I figured that even if she already  had a box or two at home, she could keep these in her pocket in case she needed them when up and about.

Secondly I went with cough drops because although not all colds follow up with coughs and a sore throat, when it does and you don’t have something at the ready, you’re bound to feel bad.  

The next three things were my favorite editions.  

I added some Emergen-C because every single time I’m sick, I’m always drinking it! You can never have too much vitamin C!

Why is there no cure for the Common Cold

You know, we deal with this infection year after year after year and it always comes around the same time of the year.  It’s a big pain and even though it’s not really that big of a deal, it always feels like it should be.  Yupp, the common cold.  It’s a nuisance that never seems to go away. So why haven’t we gotten rid of it yet?  After all, modern medicine has been able to eradicate much worse things, so why not the common cold?  Well, truth is, there are a lot of factors behind the “common cold” that make it a highly complex and difficult virus to work with.


So what exactly is the Common Cold?

common cold girlishh

Common Cold Symptoms. photo from: girlishh.com

The “common cold” is a household term for something more complex than it is common.  In fact, the term cold refers to a wide variety of symptoms that all share similar characteristics but may be caused by a large array of viruses.  Your doctor will actually refer to your cold as an Upper Respiratory Tract Infection, or URI.

About half of URIs are caused by rhinoviruses (and there are a vast majority of types of these viruses, about 100 actually).  However, there are other viruses such as adenovirus, enterovirus, parainfluenza virus, and a handful more that can cause URIs.   Rhinoviruses survive well in cool temperatures such as that in the nose which explains why the primary symptoms of the cold occur in the nose and sinuses (Snyder 2013, Friedman, 2014).


Why is the Cold so hard to treat?

You’ve probably noticed that when you take an over the counter cold medicine you feel that some of your symptoms alleviate while others don’t seem to even be touched.  Why can’t one medication just work for all the symptoms of the cold?  It seems like such a simple request, right?

Well, as we have been learning this entire post, colds are a lot more complicated than they seem.  The symptoms of the common cold make it surprisingly hard to treat.  After all, there are so many different types of viruses that can cause the cold and such an array of symptoms that creating one type of medicine expected to be able to work on every single strain or symptom of virus is near impossible.

Besides, our bodies are very capable of responding to a cold themselves.  In a response to the introduced virus and infected cells in our upper airway our body shows signs of inflammation, a.k.a. our body begins to fight the virus itself.   Sometimes this causes stuffy noses or coughing.  The cold isn’t causing those symptoms, our immune response is.  Overall, our immune systems are quite competent at fighting off infection rapidly, although it may be uncomfortable to us.

That being said, some over the counter medicines can help ease those suffering with colds and make them much more comfortable while recovering (Snyder, 2013).


But really why can’t we eradicate the common cold?

common cold

This is what one strain of rhinovirus looks like.

You know how in the game of life there’s a card you can get in the end that says something like “Find the cure for the Common Cold collect $50,000?”  Chances of that ever happening in anyone’s real world life is pretty slim to never going to happen.  But why?

Well, there’s actually a handful of reasons why there is not “cure” for the common cold and why in our lifetimes we will never see the little pest erradicated.

For one, as you can probably guess by now, because of how many strains of virus can cause URIs finding a cure that would eradicate all the different viruses that cause cold symptoms is impossible.  It would be just as hard to find a cure for each individual virus and then try to figure out which virus was causing your symptoms.  Honestly, it’s just easier to suffer the ten days of stuffy nose and be done with it.

Secondly, although it can be life threatening to babies and elderly, URIs are pretty harmless.  Therefore they are pretty low on the list of things we should be looking for a cure for.  Again, although it may be pesty, might as well just suffer through the miserable week and move on.

Okay, that makes sense but what about a vaccine?  There are different strains of the flu and we still vaccinate for the most common.  Why not vaccinate for the most common rhinovirus?  Logically this makes sense, but whereas we usually only see two to three strains of the flu each season, there are 20 to 30 rhinovirus strains each season.  And ready for this:  only about 10% of those are going to show up again next year.  The common cold is ever changing and it makes it absolutely impossible to predict.

We’re better off just trying to keep ourselves as healthy as we possibly can and take care of ourselves when that cold virus comes around.  As fun as it is to dream of a someday cure, it’s never going to happen.


How to prevent the Common Cold

Every season you hear it, but I’m going to tell it to you again.  There are multiple ways to help protect yourself against the common cold and they should be taken seriously.  

  • Wash your hands regularly
  • Avoid being around sick people
  • Keep your fluid levels up
  • Take a multivitamin
  • Get plenty of rest

I hope I didn’t crush anyone’s dreams of a someday cold cure.  And I hope you feel better knowing that some of those symptoms you feel are just your bodies way of fighting off the virus.

If you have any suggestions for future health related topics, leave a comment below and let me know!

Until next time,

Kat